Amoxil
Amoxil
Amoxil is a penicillin antibiotic used to treat many different types of infections caused by bacteria, such as pneumonia, tonsillitis, and sinusitis.
Amoxil is an antibiotic prescribed for bacterial infections localized in different areas of the human body.
Composition
The composition of the drug includes amoxicillin in the form of a trihydrate. This antibiotic contains the following excipients:
- magnesium stearate;
- polyvidone;
- sodium carboxymethyl starch;
- titanium dioxide;
- talc;
- hypromellose.
Pharmacokinetics
After taking the drug, it penetrates into all body tissues, which leads to its high therapeutic effect. There is also a direct relationship between the dose and the concentration of the substance in the body. At 50-70%, amoxicillin is excreted by the kidneys, only a small part of the drug is excreted through the liver.
Pharmacodynamics
Amoxil belongs to antibacterial bactericidal agents. The principle of action of amoxicillin is based on exposure to certain enzymes that make up the cell walls of bacteria. Without these enzymes, the cell walls are destroyed. As a result, bacteria die.
Pharmachologic effect
Amoxicillin is active against various types of microorganisms, both gram-positive and gram-negative. However, its action is far from universal, since there are microorganisms that are resistant to the action of amoxicillin. In particular, these are bacteria capable of producing beta-lactamase, which neutralizes the antibiotic effect. Therefore, often amoxicillin is produced in combination with clavulanic acid, which protects it from the action of beta-lactamase.
Indications
Amoxil is used to treat bacterial infections:
- upper and lower respiratory tract;
- gastrointestinal tract;
- genitourinary organs;
- skin.
Your doctor may prescribe an antibiotic for the following respiratory infections:
- otitis;
- sinusitis;
- pharyngitis;
- laryngitis;
- bronchitis;
- tonsillitis;
- pneumonia;
- sinusitis.
Diseases of the genitourinary system, in which the drug can be prescribed are:
- cystitis;
- pyelitis;
- nephritis;
- pyelonephritis;
- urethritis;
- gonorrhea;
- endometritis.
Gastrointestinal diseases in which an antibiotic is used are:
- cholecystitis;
- peritonitis;
- enterocolitis;
- cholangitis;
- typhoid fever;
- dysentery;
- salmonellosis (including with carrier).
A doctor can prescribe an antibiotic in the following skin disorders:
- leptospirosis;
- erysipelas;
- impetigo;
- bacterial dermatoses.
Dosage and administration
The exact dosage of amoxicillin is determined by the doctor. For various diseases, different doses and regimens are chosen. The maximum daily dose of amoxicillin is 6 g.
Usually, adults and children over 10 years old weighing over 40 kg are recommended to take 250-500 mg at a time. In total, the drug must be taken 3 times a day with an interval of 8 hours. The intervals between doses must be strictly maintained, as this is a guarantee of keeping the necessary therapeutic drug concentration in the body. In case of severe infections, the dosage of amoxicillin can be increased to 1000 mg.
The treatment duration is also determined by the doctor. Usually, it ranges from 5-14 days. Even if the patient feels improvement after several days of the therapy, you should not withdraw Amoxil, as this can result in a relapse.
According to the instructions for use, taking meals does not affect the drug digestibility.
Release form, storage conditions, and shelf life
The drug is sold only in the form of tablets or capsules. Tablets and capsules have a dosage of 250 and 500 mg. Granules for preparing a suspension for children are also available.
The drug is dispensed in pharmacies without a prescription. The shelf life of amoxicillin is 3 years. It is stored in a dark place at a temperature not exceeding 77 ºF.
Contraindications
An antibiotic has few contraindications. The main contraindications include:
- age up to 3 years;
- the first trimester of pregnancy;
- breastfeeding;
- penicillin intolerance;
- severe renal failure;
- severe digestive upsets;
- infectious mononucleosis;
- lymphocytic leukemia;
- bronchial asthma.
Pregnancy and lactation
Amoxil is prescribed during pregnancy with caution. It can be applied only in the second and third trimesters. Since the antibiotic penetrates breast milk, it is forbidden to take it while breastfeeding. In this case, the drug can cause allergic reactions and dysbiosis in the baby.
Side effects
Side effects of Amoxil include:
- nausea, dyspepsia;
- diarrhea;
- rhinitis;
- conjunctivitis;
- fever;
- changes in blood composition, anemia;
- stomatitis;
- dysbiosis;
- candidiasis;
- colpitis;
- headache;
- allergic reactions;
- tachycardia.neurological reactions (insomnia, agitation, anxiety, confusion).
Interaction
Other bactericidal antibacterial agents enhance the drug effect when bacteriostatic agents (macrolides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides), on the contrary, interfere with its action.
Some substances (antacids, glucosamine, glycosides, laxatives) interfere with amoxicillin absorption, but ascorbic acid, on the contrary, contributes to this process. The drug enhances the absorption of digoxin and reduces the effectiveness of estrogen-containing contraceptives.